DNP 810 Emerging Technologies GCU
The utilization of technology in health practices has witnessed a significant escalation, with a prominent focus on addressing clinical issues through the integration of patient care and information. This growing reliance on technology has become a leading force in transforming healthcare delivery. Two key components in this transformative process are the identification and resolution of clinical problems and the seamless integration of appropriate technologies into healthcare systems.
The role of technology in nursing
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Presentation Areas
1. The Clinical Problem and Appropriate Technology:
– Clinical Problem Identification: In this section, the presentation will delve into the critical aspect of identifying clinical problems within healthcare settings. This involves recognizing challenges, inefficiencies, or gaps in patient care that could benefit from technological solutions. Examples may include issues related to data management, communication gaps, or the need for improved diagnostic tools.
– Technology Integration: The presentation will then explore how technology can be strategically integrated to address the identified clinical problems. This involves selecting and implementing appropriate technological solutions that align with the specific needs of healthcare providers and patients. This may include electronic health records (EHRs), telemedicine platforms, diagnostic software, or other innovative tools.
2. Theory to Guide Presentation:
– Theoretical Framework: To guide the presentation, a theoretical framework will be introduced, providing a structured approach to understanding and implementing technology in healthcare. One such framework could be the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), which explores how users accept and use technology based on perceived usefulness and ease of use. The presentation will discuss how theories like TAM can inform the integration of technology in addressing clinical problems.
– User-Centered Design: Emphasizing a user-centered design approach, the presentation will highlight the importance of considering the perspectives and needs of healthcare professionals and patients in the development and implementation of technology. This involves creating solutions that are intuitive, accessible, and aligned with the workflow of healthcare practitioners.
– Ethical Considerations: Acknowledging the ethical implications of technology use in healthcare, the presentation will touch upon considerations such as data privacy, security, and the responsible use of emerging technologies. This segment will underscore the significance of maintaining a balance between technological advancements and ethical principles in healthcare settings.
In summary, the presentation will provide a comprehensive exploration of the intensified use of technology in health practice, with a primary focus on solving clinical problems through the strategic integration of appropriate technologies. It will draw on real-world examples, theoretical frameworks, and ethical considerations to offer a well-rounded understanding of this transformative trend in healthcare.
The role of technology in resolving the clinical problem
Health care organizations pursue numerous interventions to advance care and enhance patient satisfaction. The role of technology is pivotal in these processes, and its use has progressively intensified in health care delivery. Technologies, especially information communication technologies, play a crucial role in solving clinical problems by linking patient care with information. This presentation evaluates a clinical problem that can be addressed through technology, presenting the clinical problem and appropriate technology, the theory guiding the presentation, and how the technology can be utilized to resolve the problem. It also explores the strengths and limitations of the technology and the suitable education method if patients were to be educated on using the technology.
Clinical Problem: Brief Description
Clinical problem: Low patient engagement in own health management
Characteristics of Active Patient Engagement
– Cooperation with health care providers
– Desire to participate in the health care process
– Advanced patient knowledge on health conditions and management
– Improved experiences of care
– Patient-centeredness in health care delivery
The health practice encounters various challenges that hinder the achievement of desired health outcomes. As a result, health care providers must continually assess clinical problems and intervene appropriately. One noteworthy clinical problem deserving attention is the low engagement of patients in managing their health. In situations where patients are actively involved in their health management, there is cooperation between patients and health care professionals, a desire to participate in the health care process, advanced patient knowledge on health conditions and management, improved care experiences and satisfaction, and a focus on patient-centeredness in health care delivery.
Barriers to Patient Engagement
– Underuse of technology
– Inadequate health care resources
– Uninformed patient population
– Attitude towards modern health practice
– Lack of encouragement and support from health care providers
Before evaluating the technology necessary to address this problem, it is crucial to examine barriers to active patient engagement in health care. A leading barrier is the underuse of technology in health practice. Patient engagement is high in health care organizations that embrace technology in care and support patients to use existing and emerging technologies (Bacchetti et al., 2020). Another typical barrier is a lowly-informed patient population. Patients should be informed on technology use and other practices that promote their engagement in health care delivery. Other barriers include negative attitudes towards modern health practice and lack of encouragement from health care providers. As a result, technologies seeking to promote engagement should address these barriers.
Technology to Improve Patient Outcomes
Appropriate Technology: Patient portals
Overview
– A secure online platform
– Provides access to health information
– Requires internet access
– Highly personalized – secure username and password
A suitable technology to address the problem of low engagement in patients’ health management is patient portals. Over time, the use of patient portals has intensified as technologies, particularly electronic health records (EHRs), dominate the health practice (Lyles et al., 2020). Patient portals include a secure online platform that patients use to connect with their health care providers. Through the platform, patients can access crucial health information that guides them in everyday decision-making regarding their health. Patient portals are among the health care technologies that work best via internet connection. They are also highly personalized since they deal with sensitive information that should only be accessed by authorized individuals.
Features
– Secure messaging
– Patient registration
– Medical history
– Education materials
– Results (lab and tests)
– Appointment requests and reminders
The effectiveness of patient portals depends on the presence and capacity of several features. Among them, secure messaging helps patients exchange information with health care providers. This requires the portal to be integrated with the EHR system. The other essential feature is the patient registration segment that allows patients to feed the system with crucial personal details before an appointment to save time in the waiting room. Other important features include medical history and medication lists, lab and test results, and appointment requests and reminders. Each feature empowers the patient differently, but the ultimate goal is to ensure that patients can access crucial health information and exchange data with health care providers as needed.
Functions/Capabilities
– Access to a provider team
– Sending messages to health care providers
– Easy access to health care data
– A platform to schedule appointments online
– Update health information (e.g., insurance information)
Besides the features, patient portals should be capacitated to work in various interrelated ways to actively engage patients in health management. The first capacity is providing access to a health care team all the time. From an operational viewpoint, accessing a provider team is the most basic capacity since patients need to ask questions regarding their health and update health care providers about their health for them to play an active role in health management. Also, the platforms should offer easy access to health data as long as the patients are authorized. Other essential capacities include enabling patients to book appointments and updating health information when necessary.
Theory to Guide the Presentation
Theory: Imogene King’s Theory of Goal Attainment
Fundamental concept: an interpersonal relationship between patients and nurses
Key Elements of the Interpersonal Relationship
i. Communication involving the exchange of information
ii. Collaborative goal setting
iii. The nurse and patient jointly taking actions
Patient needs: health information and care
The healthcare process is intricate, and achieving desired outcomes necessitates a profound understanding of patients’ needs. Hence, healthcare professionals should apply theories that promote patient involvement in the healthcare process to ensure comprehensive understanding of patient needs. Imogene King’s Theory of Goal Attainment underscores the importance of an interpersonal relationship between nurses and patients in enabling patients to grow and achieve individual health goals (Adib-Hajbaghery & Tahmouresi, 2018). As a function supported by patient portals, nurses and patients communicate information, collaboratively set goals, and take joint actions to achieve these goals. The theory portrays a patient as an individual requiring health information and care for illness prevention and to enable independent functioning. Patient portals are instrumental in disseminating health information, aligning with the theory’s recommendations.
Applicability of the Theory
Defines nursing as an interaction between nurses and patients
The exchange of health information is central to the nurse-patient interaction
Emphasizes focusing on the patient
Goals of the Nurse
i. Assisting the patient in maintaining health
ii. Interpreting health information and devising relevant intervention plans while engaging the patient.
Imogene King’s Theory of Goal Attainment is applicable to this presentation as it characterizes nursing as an interactive process where nurses and patients share information. Patient portals align with the goals of this theory since the nurse-patient interaction allows patients and healthcare providers to share relevant health information. The theory also underscores the significance of maximum focus on patients to help them maintain health at desired levels and function at their maximum capacity (Karota et al., 2020). Furthermore, aligning with the core objectives of patient portals, the role of nurses involves interpreting information and developing appropriate plans according to the patient’s condition while fully engaging the patients in the process.
Role of Patient Portals in Addressing Low Patient Engagement
Enhanced access to health information
Secure patient-provider communication
Informed decision-making
Medication adherence
Adoption of preventive health and services
The role of patient portals in addressing the problem of low engagement in health management is pivotal. Dendere et al. (2019) observed that patient portals encourage participation in one’s health management by enabling patients to access health information when needed. Timely access to health information helps patients understand their condition better, update healthcare providers appropriately, and adopt suitable interventions to prevent deterioration. Patient portals also address low engagement by providing secure patient-provider communication. This tool enables patients to ask private questions regarding their health and act on advice. Other functions include improving decision-making, encouraging medication adherence, and supporting patients in adopting preventive health and related services.
Potential Strengths
Increased ownership of personal care
Timely access to complete and accurate health data
Enhanced patient-provider communication
Promotion of patient-centered care
Creation of a more informed patient population—better understanding of a health condition.
Like many other technologies, patient portals have strengths and limitations. One of the key strengths is increasing patients’ ownership of personal care. Through patient portals, patients understand their health conditions thoroughly and actively participate in their improvement by informing healthcare providers about any changes appropriately. Increased ownership promotes patient-centeredness in healthcare delivery since decisions directly respond to patients’ needs and preferences. Patient portals also provide patients with reliable platforms for complete and accurate health data. Other strengths/benefits include creating a more informed patient population actively involved in illness prevention and managing current and emerging health problems.
Potential Limitations
Dependence on information communication technology and supplemental technologies
Requirement for tech-savvy patients
Security issues
Challenges in patient buy-in
Increased utilization of healthcare resources
Despite the strengths associated with patient portals as health technology, various limitations hamper their effectiveness and limit their use. A typical limitation is increased dependence on information communication technology, implying that healthcare organizations must invest heavily in this area. Supporting technologies include security enhancement technologies to protect patient portals from external, unauthorized access. Patient portals also require patients to be tech-savvy, limiting their use to educated patients. Other issues include security problems during health information exchange and problems with patient buy-in, particularly where patients are apprehensive about modern health technologies and sharing private information.
Method for Patient Education
Preferred method: the demonstration method
Characteristics
Performing something to make the learner understand in detail
Preferred when showing how tools and equipment work
Focuses on ‘how’ something works
Saves time and is associated with high clarity
Many patients are unfamiliar with the use of patient portals, and patient education is crucial to promoting their use in health management. Different methods can be used, including the teach-back method, presentations, and practical experiments. Demonstrations are highly suitable since they involve performing how the technology works to make patients understand its use adequately. Demonstrations are usually preferred when showing learners how tools and equipment work, such as in laboratory settings. They focus on ‘how’ something works, effectively showing patients how to use patient portals. Demonstrations also save time since many learners (patients) can be taught as a group using the same resources.
Rationale for Demonstrations’ Effectiveness
Enhance understanding
Make learning enjoyable
Combine theory with practice
Expose learners to the concept being studied
High information retention rate
Instructors consider many factors before choosing a teaching method. The same applies to demonstrations for teaching patients how to use patient portals. One of the primary considerations is the method’s applicability in enhancing understanding. Unlike other techniques like lectures, demonstrations present a concept in a manner that can be understood in more detail. This is because demonstrations combine practice with theory, making the subject matter clear in areas that could have been vague if presented via other methods. Demonstrations also make learning enjoyable since they involve observation and making inferences. Exposing learners to the concepts being studied is also associated with a high information retention rate.
Conclusion
Key Deductions
Low patient engagement in one’s health management can be addressed through technology
Patient portals enable patients to access health information instantly
Patient portals enhance patient-provider communication
Improving Patient Portals’ Effectiveness
Address security issues
Encourage use in healthcare delivery
Patient education
From this presentation, it can be deduced that low patient engagement in one’s health management is a serious issue requiring technological intervention. Low patient engagement adversely affects health outcomes, and technological intervention is vital to improving patient-provider communication and patient awareness of health conditions. Patient portals increase patient engagement by allowing patients to access health data and improve patient-provider communication. However, security issues and underuse in healthcare settings hamper their effectiveness. As a result, appropriate interventions, including addressing security
issues and encouraging portal use in healthcare delivery, should be considered. Patient education on technology use is also a practical intervention.
References
Adib-Hajbaghery, M., & Tahmouresi, M. (2018). Nurse-patient relationship based on the Imogene King’s theory of goal attainment. Nursing and Midwifery Studies, 7(3), 141-144. doi: 10.4103/2322-1488.235636
Bacchetti, J. A., Hines, M., & SHAIKH, M. (2020). Why humanizing technology maximizes patient engagement and increases financial value for health systems. Healthcare Financial Management Association. https://www.hfma.org/topics/hfm/2020/october/why-humanizing-technology-maximizes-patient-engagement-and-incre.html
Dendere, R., Slade, C., Burton-Jones, A., Sullivan, C., Staib, A., & Janda, M. (2019). Patient portals facilitating engagement with inpatient electronic medical records: A systematic review. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 21(4), e12779. https://doi.org/10.2196/12779
Karota, E., Purba, J. M., Simamora, R. H., & Siregar, C. T. (2020). Use of King’s theory to improve diabetics’ self-care behavior. Enfermeria Clinica, 30, 95-99. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enfcli.2019.12.035
Lyles, C. R., Nelson, E. C., Frampton, S., Dykes, P. C., Cemballi, A. G., & Sarkar, U. (2020). Using electronic health record portals to improve patient engagement: research priorities and best practices. Annals of Internal Medicine, 172(11_Supplement), S123-S129. https://doi.org/10.7326/M19-0876
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