NURS 6521 Week 5 Diabetes and Drug Treatments
All types of diabetes have a common issue: the body can’t make enough insulin, leading to high blood sugar (Petersmann et al., 2019). Type 1 diabetes, often showing up early in life, is a genetic problem where the pancreas doesn’t produce insulin or makes very little. Type 2 diabetes usually happens later in life and links to lifestyle choices like diet, inactivity, or being overweight. It messes with how the body handles sugar (Petersmann et al., 2019). Gestational diabetes occurs during pregnancy when a placental hormone prevents insulin from working, causing insulin resistance.
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Juvenile diabetes, mostly in children and young people, occurs when the immune system attacks the insulin-making cells in the pancreas (Petersmann et al., 2019). These differences in causes mean different treatment approaches are needed.
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Discussing Type 1 Diabetes
In this discussion, we’re focusing on type 1 diabetes, a genetic disorder where the body lacks insulin. Insulin glulisine is the go-to medicine for treating type 1 diabetes (Katsarou et al., 2017). It replaces the missing insulin in the body and regulates blood sugar, just like regular insulin. The medicine is taken either through an intravenous injection or an insulin pump. It’s also crucial for patients to include healthy carbs, more proteins, fruits, and vegetables in their diet alongside insulin glulisine. Regular monitoring of blood sugar is recommended for those using this medication.
Short and Long-Term Effects of Type 1 Diabetes
Type 1 diabetes has both short and long-term impacts. Short-term, it can cause hyperglycemia, which is a severe drop in blood sugar levels. In the long term, it can harm major organs like the heart and blood vessels, cause nerve damage, and lead to skin and mouth problems (Katsarou et al., 2017). It can also complicate pregnancy. Be aware that using insulin glulisine may have side effects like rashes, itching, facial swelling, difficulty breathing, and chest pain.
Reference
Katsarou, A., Gudbjörnsdottir, S., Rawshani, A., Dabelea, D., Bonifacio, E., Anderson, B. J., … & Lernmark, Å. (2017). Type 1 diabetes mellitus. Nature reviews Disease primers, 3(1), 1-17.
Petersmann, A., Müller-Wieland, D., Müller, U. A., Landgraf, R., Nauck, M., Freckmann, G., … & Schleicher, E. (2019). Definition, classification and diagnosis of diabetes mellitus. Experimental and Clinical Endocrinology & Diabetes, 127(S 01), S1-S7 Diabetes and drug treatments discussion post with responses
6 months ago
xx
RE: Week 5 Discussion post
Happy New Yeaxx
I enjoyed reading your posting this week. I think you thoroughly explained the difference between T1DM, GDM, and T2DM. While researching this topic I found a great article that discuss
T1DM women who become pregnant and have to triple their insulin dosage because their bodies become insulin resistant in the last trimester. The article also discuss the increased risk of
cardiovascular issues during pregnancy for mothers diagnosed with T1DM. In the last half of pregnancy, women with diabetes are more prone to developing pregnancy-induced hypertension
and an excessive amount of amniotic fluid. High blood glucose levels in late pregnancy can also increase the risk of stillbirth. Women with preexisting diabetes are asked to take low dose
aspirin daily, starting at the beginning of the second trimester to decrease the chance of developing preeclampsia (Durnwald, 2020). I will link the article below, I’m sure you will enjoy it. I also found a great article that discuss the predictability of insulin absorption when administered in the abdomen versus the arm or leg. As a provider with a newly diagnosed type 1 school age diabetic patient, how would you education this patient on managing their condition?
References
American Diabetes Association. (2018). Pharmacologic approaches to glycemic treatment: Standards of medical care in diabetes—2018. Diabetes Care, 41(Supplement 1), S73–S85. Retrieved from http://care.diabetesjournals.org/content/41/supplement_1/s73.full-text.pdf
Durnwald, C. (202). Patient education: Care during pregnancy for women with type 1 or 2 diabetes.Wolter Kluwer UpToDate. Retrieved from: https://www.uptodate.com/contents/care-during-pregnancy-for-women-with-type-1-or-2-diabetes-beyond-the-basics
Rosenthal, L. D., & Burchum, J. R. (2021). Lehne’s pharmacotherapeutics for advanced practice nurses and physician assistants (2nd ed.) St. Louis, MO: Elsevier Diabetes and drug treatments discussion post with responses
6 months ago
xx
RE: Week 5 Discussion post
Happy new year to you too xx, Many thanks for your positive comments. Insulin is better absorbed from the stomach as compared to the leg or arm (Tandon et al., 2015). For such a school-going child, I would recommend for him or her to rotate the injection sites to minimize a scenario whereby on injection site will be excessively injected (Patil et al., 2017). Reference Patil, M., Sahoo, J., Kamalanathan, S., Selviambigapathy, J., Balachandran, K., Kumar, R., … & Ajmal, K. (2017). Assessment of insulin injection techniques among diabetes patients in a tertiary care centre. Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews, 11, S53-S56. Tandon, N., Kalra, S., Balhara, Y. P. S., Baruah, M. P., Chadha, M., Chandalia, H. B., … & Wangnoo, S. K. (2015). Forum for injection technique (FIT), India: the Indian recommendations 2.0, for best practice in insulin injection technique, 2015. Indian journal of endocrinology and metabolism, 19(3), 317. Diabetes and drug treatments discussion post with responses
6 months ago
xx
RE: Week 5 Discussion post
Corrected response
Happy New Year to you too xx
Many thanks for your positive comments. Insulin is better absorbed from the stomach as compared to the leg or arm (Tandon et al., 2015). For such a school-going child, I would recommend for him or her to rotate the injection sites to minimize a scenario whereby on injection site will be excessively injected (Patil et al., 2017).
References
Patil, M., Sahoo, J., Kamalanathan, S., Selviambigapathy, J., Balachandran, K., Kumar, R., … & Ajmal, K. (2017). Assessment of insulin injection techniques among diabetes patients in a tertiary care centre. Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews, 11, S53-S56.
Tandon, N., Kalra, S., Balhara, Y. P. S., Baruah, M. P., Chadha, M., Chandalia, H. B., … & Wangnoo, S. K. (2015). Forum for injection technique (FIT), India: the Indian recommendations 2.0, for best practice in insulin injection technique, 2015. Indian journal of endocrinology and metabolism, 19(3), 317. Diabetes and drug treatments discussion post with responses
Discussion: Diabetes and Drug Treatments
NURS 6521 Week 5 Diabetes and Drug Treatments
Each year, 1.5 million Americans are diagnosed with diabetes (American Diabetes Association, 2019). If left untreated, diabetic patients are at risk for several alterations, including heart disease, stroke, kidney failure, neuropathy, and blindness. There are various methods for treating diabetes, many of which include some form of drug therapy. The type of diabetes as well as the patient’s behavior factors will impact treatment recommendations.
For this Discussion, you compare types of diabetes, including drug treatments for type 1, type 2, gestational, and juvenile diabetes.
Reference: American Diabetes Association. (2019). Statistics about diabetes. Retrieved from http://diabetes.org/diabetes-basics/statistics/
To Prepare
- Review the Resources for this module and reflect on differences between types of diabetes, including type 1, type 2, gestational, and juvenile diabetes.
- Select one type of diabetes to focus on for this Discussion.
- Consider one type of drug used to treat the type of diabetes you selected, including proper preparation and administration of this drug. Then, reflect on dietary considerations related to treatment.
- Think about the short-term and long-term impact of the diabetes you selected on patients, including effects of drug treatments.
By Day 3 of Week 5
Post a brief explanation of the differences between the types of diabetes, including type 1, type 2, gestational, and juvenile diabetes. Describe one type of drug used to treat the type of diabetes you selected, including proper preparation and administration of this drug. Be sure to include dietary considerations related to treatment. Then, explain the short-term and long-term impact of this type of diabetes on patients. including effects of drug treatments. Be specific and provide examples.
By Day 6 of Week 5
Read a selection of your colleagues’ responses and respond to at least two of your colleagues on two different days who selected a different type of diabetes than you did. Provide recommendations for alternative drug treatments and patient education strategies for treatment and management.
Note: For this Discussion, you are required to complete your initial post before you will be able to view and respond to your colleagues’ postings. Begin by clicking on the “Post to Discussion Question” link, and then select “Create Thread” to complete your initial post. Remember, once you click on Submit, you cannot delete or edit your own posts, and you cannot post anonymously. Please check your post carefully before clicking on Submit!
NURS_6521_Week5_Discussion_Rubric
Diabetes and drug treatments discussion post with responses
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