Shadow Health Tina Jones Respiratory Review Questions
Review Questions Activity Time: 17 min
If Tina had mentioned that she was recently diagnosed with pneumonia, what would you anticipate finding when using percussion?
Correct: Dull percussion sounds are expected over the areas of diffuse infiltrate (accumulation of fluid and by products of inflammation) in a patient with pneumonia.
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Excessive resonance
Drum-like sounds
Resonant
Dullness (Correct Response)
If Tina’s pulse oximetry results had shown 97%, what would this indicate?
Correct: Pulse oximetry measures the percentage of hemoglobin molecules that are saturated with oxygen. Oxygen-saturated hemoglobin absorbs light wavelengths differently from unsaturated hemoglobin. The oximeter emits light and measures the extent of wavelength absorption.
Partial pressure of oxygen = 97%
Unbound oxygen level = 97%
PaO2 = 97%
Arterial hemoglobin saturation = 97% (Correct Response)
Suppose that, during your examination of Tina’s lungs, you had detected bronchial breath sounds in the lower left lung posteriorly. What might you suspect based on this finding?
Correct: Increased breath sounds suggest lung consolidation (fluid-filled alveoli) or pleural effusion (fluid accumulation in the pleural space) because fluid conducts sound more effectively than air. This finding is typically accompanied by abnormal transmitted voice sounds and increased tactile fremitus.
Normal lung examination
Atelectasis
Fluid-filled area of the lung (Correct Response)
Narrowed upper airways due to asthma
Suppose that while listening, you observed a few scattered expiratory wheezes. Why would this be an expected finding for a patient with Tina’s medical history?
Student Response: Because Tina has a history of asthma, it is common for her to experience intermittent wheezes. With chronic asthma, the airways become constricted due to recurring inflammation and excessive mucus production, resulting in wheezing and other respiratory distress symptoms.
Model Note: Scattered wheezes can be anticipated due to Tina’s history of asthma. Asthma is a chronic condition in which hyperreactive airways narrow as a result of recurrent inflammation and excessive mucus production, leading to wheezing. When observing a patient like Tina during an examination, various signs of respiratory distress can be identified through visual observation alone. Identify one indicator of respiratory distress that can be assessed through observation alone.
Student Response: Observable signs of respiratory distress include the use of auxiliary muscles, audible breathing, gurgling or wheezing, an elevated respiratory rate, bluish discoloration around the lips or nails, nasal discharge, chest retractions, sweating, adopting a tripod body position, and an inability to speak in complete sentences.
Model Note: Evident signs of respiratory distress comprise the utilization of accessory muscles, audible breath sounds, grunting or wheezing, an increased respiratory rate, bluish coloration around the lips or fingernails, nasal flaring, chest retractions, perspiration, assuming a tripod body posture, and the inability to speak in full sentences. Describe how you would assess Tina for dyspnea.
Student Response: To determine if a patient is experiencing dyspnea, the practitioner must inquire about the patient’s breathing patterns, including whether they have shortness of breath or difficulty breathing. If dyspnea is present, it’s important to inquire about the onset, factors that trigger or worsen it, duration, body positioning, disturbances in sleep, and any factors that provide relief from dyspnea symptoms.
Model Note: Dyspnea is a subjective complaint that should be elicited by asking the patient about their breathing. Ask the patient, “Do you ever experience shortness of breath or difficulty breathing?” If dyspnea is reported, be sure to inquire about when it started, factors that exacerbate it, how long it lasts, how the patient positions their body, whether it affects their sleep, and any factors that alleviate the symptoms of dyspnea.
Shadow Health Tina Jones Respiratory Review Questions
Review Questions Activity Time: 17 min
If Tina had mentioned that she was just diagnosed with pneumonia, what would you have expected to find during percussion?
- Hyperresonance
- Tympany
- Resonant
- Dullness (Correct Response)
If the results of Tina’s pulse oximetry had been 97%, which of the following would have been true?
- Partial pressure O2 = 97%
- Unbound oxygen level = 97%
- PaO2 = 97%
- Arterial hemoglobin saturation = 97% (Correct Response)
Suppose that, during your lung exam on Tina, you had heard bronchial breath sounds in the left lower lung posteriorly. What would you have suspected based on this finding?
- Normal lung exam
- Atelectasis
- Fluid filled region of the lung (Correct Response)
- Narrowed upper airways secondary to asthma
Suppose that while auscultating, you assessed a few scattered expiratory wheezes. Why would this be an expected finding for a patient with Tina’s history?
When you observe a patient like Tina throughout an exam, there are many ways to determine whether a patient is experiencing respiratory distress. Identify one indicator of respiratory distress that can be assessed through observation alone.
Describe how you would assess Tina for dyspnea.
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