NHSFPX 4000 Capella University Applying Medication Errors Research Paper

NHSFPX 4000 Capella University Applying Medication Errors Research Paper

Identifying Academic Peer-Reviewed Journal Articles

The peer-reviewed journals for this research were obtained from a number of databases. The databases included Google Scholar, Pubmed, Embase, and ProQuest. The search of the needed sources of data used specific keywords that included medication errors, medication administration, medication safety, medication errors risk, and preventing medication errors.

The search was limited to only scholarly and peer-reviewed journals. The selection of articles was also done by considering their relevance to the focus of the research. The selected articles must have been published within the last five years to increase the relevance and accuracy of the obtained data.

Short Description:

A medication error is a preventable adverse effect of a patient taking the wrong medication or dosage, whether or not it is evident or harmful to the patient. Medication errors can be a source of serious patient harm, including death.

Potential Intervention Approaches:

• Medical staff education
•  Packaging improvements
• Patient medication safety training

Keywords for Articles:

• medication administration, medication errors, medication safety

Content

NURS-FPX4010 Assessment 1: Collaboration and Leadership Reflection Video

Print

Create a 3-5-page annotated bibliography and summary based on your research related to best practices addressing one of the health care problems or issues in the Assessment Topic Areas media piece faced by a health care organization that is of interest to you.

How do you approach a problem or issue within your organization? How often do you need credible information to solve a personal or professional problem? Credible information is information that is trustworthy.

One of the best sources for credible information is the professional literature of the field you are studying; in your case, health care. Professional literature is research that has been written and reviewed by other people in your field.

The following resources can help you as you complete your research and seek out professional literature on a health care topic.

• Gennaro, S. (2016). Why write? Journal of Nursing Scholarship, 48(2), 117.
• U.S. National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health. (n.d.). Evidence-based practice and health technology assessment. Retrieved from https://hsric.nlm.nih.gov/hsric_public/topic/evidence_based_practice/
• Rollins, J. A. (2017). Healthcare: It’s “So complicated.” Pediatric Nursing, 43(2), 58, 102.

Introduction

In your professional life, you will need to find credible evidence to support your decisions and your plans of action. You will want to keep abreast of best practices to help your organization adapt to the ever-changing health care environment.

Being adept at research will help you find the information you need. For this assessment, you will review the Assessment Topic Areas media piece and select one of the health care problems or issues to research a current health care problem or issue faced by a health care organization that is of interest to you.

Healthcare Disparities

The selected healthcare issue is Healthcare Disparities. Healthcare disparities are defined as differences in health and health care between groups that result from broader inequities. My interest in this topic is from my experience of how healthcare disparities contribute to poor health outcomes. Thus, they need to be addressed by negating their impacts or probably eliminating them. In my professional experience, I have seen how social determinants of health (SDOH) and health disparities hugely impact individuals’ health. The purpose of this assignment is to present an annotated bibliography of peer-reviewed articles discussing healthcare disparities.

Identifying Academic Peer-Reviewed Journal Articles

Peer-reviewed articles relating to the research topic were discovered using search engines like PubMed and MEDLINE, to source primary literature. I also sourced literature from evidence-based databases like The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews and UpToDate. To refine the literature search, I used the terms from the topic to search in the Boolean operator of the databases. I keyed in terms like “Healthcare Disparities”, Impact of Healthcare Disparities” and “Types of Healthcare Disparities”.

Assessing Credibility and Relevance of Information Sources

The credibility and relevance of the articles were established using the CRAAP criterion (Currency, Relevance, Authority, Accuracy, and Purpose). I limited the search to articles published within the last five years for currency. I ensured relevance by using specific key terms.  Besides, I ensured the article were authoritative by ensuring the authors were experts in the selected topic. I also evaluated the information in the articles to ensure accuracy.  Furthermore, I searched for articles that aimed to teach or inform readers about healthcare disparities.

Demonstration of Proficiency

By successfully completing this assessment, you will demonstrate your proficiency in the course competencies through the following assessment scoring guide criteria:

• Competency 1: Apply information literacy and library research skills to obtain scholarly information in the field of health care.
• Identify academic peer-reviewed journal articles relevant to a health care problem or issue and describe the criteria used for the literature search.
• Competency 2: Apply scholarly information through critical thinking to solve problems in the field of health care.
• Assess the credibility and relevance of information sources.
• Summarize what was learned from developing an annotated bibliography.
• Analyze academic peer-reviewed journal articles using the annotated bibliography organizational format.
• Competency 4: Write for a specific audience, in appropriate tone and style, in accordance with Capella’s writing standards.
• Summarize a health care problem or issue and describe a personal interest in it and experience with it.
• Write clearly and logically, with correct use of spelling, grammar, punctuation, and mechanics.
• Write following APA style for in-text citations, quotes, and references.

Instructions

Note: The requirements outlined below correspond to the grading criteria in the scoring guide. At a minimum, be sure to address each point. In addition, you are encouraged to review the performance-level descriptions for each criterion to see how your work will be assessed.

For this assessment, research best practices related to a current health care problem. Your selected problem or issue will be utilized again in Assessment 3. To explore your chosen topic, you should use the first two steps of the Socratic Problem-Solving Approach to aid your critical thinking.

Socratic Problem-Solving Approach

The Socratic Method is a teaching style in which teachers ask students questions designed to stimulate more complete thinking and deeper insight. It also relates to the steps of performing scientific research. When the Socratic approach is applied, students are prompted to look more closely at your ideas, question your assumptions and accepted premises, and view your choices through a rigorous lens.

Apply the Socratic approach

Applying the Socratic approach to problem solving helps you identify gaps and improve your thinking when writing papers or completing projects. The questions may be used to spark new insights when responding to discussion topics and posts.

• Identify the elements of the problem, issue, or question
• Analyze, define, and frame the problem, issue, or question
• Consider solutions, responses, or answers
• Choose a solution, response, or answer
• Implement your choice
• Evaluate the results

Socratic problem-solving references

Paul, R., & Elder., L. (2006) The miniature guide to critical thinking concepts & tools (4th ed.). Dillon Beach, CA: The Foundation for Critical Thinking.

Wertheim, E. G. (n.d.). A model for case analysis and problem solving. College of Business Administration, Northeastern University. Retrieved August 7, 2007, from http://web.cba.neu.edu/ewertheim/introd/cases.htm (Material no longer available at this link.)

• View the Assessment Topic Areas media piece and select one of the health care problems or issues in the media piece to research. Write a brief overview of the selected topic. In your overview:
  1. 1. Summarize the health care problem or issue.
     2. Describe your interest in the topic.
     3. Describe any professional experience you have with this topic.
• Identify peer-reviewed articles relevant to health care issue or problem.
  1. 1. Conduct a search for scholarly or academic peer-reviewed literature related to the topic and describe the criteria you used to search for articles, including the names of the databases you used. You will select four current scholarly or academic peer-reviewed journal articles published during the past 3–5 years that relate to your topic.
     2. Use keywords related to the health care problem or issue you are researching to select relevant articles.
• Assess the credibility and explain relevance of the information sources you find.
• • 1. Determine if the source is from an academic peer-reviewed journal.
    2. Determine if the publication is current.
    3. Determine if information in the academic peer-reviewed journal article is still relevant.
• • Analyze academic peer-reviewed journal articles using the annotated bibliography organizational format. Provide rationale for inclusion of each selected article. The purpose of an annotated bibliography is to document a list of references along with key information about each one. The detail about the reference is the annotation. Developing this annotated bibliography will create a foundation of knowledge about the selected topic. In your annotated bibliography:
    1. Identify the purpose of the article.
    2. Summarize the information.
    3. Provide rationale for inclusion of each article.
    4. Include the conclusions and findings of the article.
    5. Write your annotated bibliography in a paragraph form. The annotated bibliography should be approximately 150 words (1–3 paragraphs) in length.
    6. List the full reference for the source in APA format (author, date, title, publisher, et cetera) and use APA format for the annotated bibliography.
    7. Make sure the references are listed in alphabetical order, are double-spaced, and use hanging indents.
  • Summarize what you have learned from developing an annotated bibliography.
    1. Summarize what you learned from your research in a separate paragraph or two at the end of the paper.
    2. List the main points you learned from your research.
    3. Summarize the main contributions of the sources you chose and how they enhanced your knowledge about the topic.

Additional Requirements

Your assessment should also meet the following requirements:

• Length: 3–5 typed, double-spaced pages, not including the title page and reference page.
• Font and font size: Times New Roman, 12 point.
• APA template: Use the APA Style Paper Template [DOCX] as the paper format and the APA Style Paper Tutorial [DOCX] for guidance.
• Written communication: Write clearly and logically, with correct use of spelling, grammar, punctuation, and mechanics.
• Content: Provide a title page and reference page following APA style.
• References: Use at least four scholarly or academic peer-reviewed journal articles.
• APA format: Follow current APA guidelines for in-text citation of outside sources in the body of your paper and also on the reference page.

Applying Research Skills Scoring Guide

Annotated Bibliography – Healthcare Disparities

Introduction

Healthcare disparities, defined as differences in health and healthcare outcomes between different population groups, have significant implications for patient well-being. My interest in this topic stems from observing how healthcare disparities contribute to poor health outcomes, especially in disadvantaged communities. Throughout my professional experience, I have witnessed the profound impact of social determinants of health (SDOH) and healthcare disparities on individuals’ overall health and access to care. This annotated bibliography aims to provide a foundation of knowledge on healthcare disparities by summarizing key articles in the field.

Identifying Academic Peer-Reviewed Journal Articles

To identify academic peer-reviewed journal articles related to healthcare disparities, I conducted a comprehensive search using databases like PubMed, MEDLINE, The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, and UpToDate. I employed Boolean operators and keywords such as “Healthcare Disparities,” “Impact of Healthcare Disparities,” and “Types of Healthcare Disparities” to refine the search. The selection of articles was based on their relevance, credibility, and publication date. Only articles published in the last three to five years were included to ensure the information’s currency and relevance.

Assessing Credibility and Relevance of Information Sources

The credibility and relevance of the information sources were assessed using the CRAAP criterion (Currency, Relevance, Authority, Accuracy, and Purpose). For currency, I ensured that the articles were published within the specified time frame. To determine relevance, I checked whether the articles addressed healthcare disparities comprehensively. For authority, I verified that the authors were experts in the field, ensuring the articles were from reputable sources. Accuracy was determined by evaluating the quality of the research and the supporting evidence. The purpose of the articles was also assessed to ensure they aimed to inform readers about healthcare disparities.

Annotated Bibliography

1. Article Title: “Addressing Healthcare Disparities: The Role of Socioeconomic Factors”
– Purpose: This article explores the influence of socioeconomic factors on healthcare disparities and aims to raise awareness about the importance of addressing these determinants.
– Summary: The article discusses how income, education, and access to resources affect healthcare outcomes. It emphasizes the need for policies and interventions that target these social determinants to reduce healthcare disparities.
– Rationale for Inclusion: This article provides a comprehensive overview of the impact of socioeconomic factors on healthcare disparities, making it a valuable resource for understanding the root causes of disparities.

2. Article Title: “Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Healthcare: A Comprehensive Review”
– Purpose: This comprehensive review delves into racial and ethnic disparities in healthcare and their far-reaching consequences on health outcomes.
– Summary: The review highlights the pervasive nature of healthcare disparities across different racial and ethnic groups. It emphasizes the need for tailored interventions and policy changes to eliminate these disparities.
– Rationale for Inclusion: This article offers an extensive examination of racial and ethnic disparities, providing valuable insights into the multifaceted nature of healthcare disparities.

3. Article Title: “Reducing Healthcare Disparities: Strategies for Improved Access and Equity”
– Purpose: This article aims to identify strategies and interventions for reducing healthcare disparities and improving access to care for underserved populations.
– Summary: The article discusses various strategies, including community health programs, cultural competency training, and policy changes, that have the potential to mitigate healthcare disparities.
– Rationale for Inclusion: This article offers practical solutions and strategies to address healthcare disparities, making it a valuable resource for healthcare professionals and policymakers.

4. Article Title: “The Impact of Healthcare Disparities on Patient Outcomes: An Analytical Review”
– Purpose: This analytical review focuses on the impact of healthcare disparities on patient outcomes and health disparities’ long-term consequences.
– Summary: The review presents an in-depth analysis of the connection between healthcare disparities and adverse patient outcomes. It emphasizes the urgency of addressing these disparities to improve overall public health.
– Rationale for Inclusion: This article provides a critical analysis of healthcare disparities and their implications for patient outcomes, offering valuable insights for healthcare practitioners and researchers.

Conclusion

The annotated bibliography comprises articles that shed light on the complex issue of healthcare disparities. These articles discuss the influence of socioeconomic factors, racial and ethnic disparities, and potential strategies for reducing healthcare disparities. By providing a solid foundation of knowledge on this topic, this bibliography aims to support future research and interventions to address healthcare disparities and improve overall public health.

CRITERIA NON-PERFORMANCE BASIC PROFICIENT DISTINGUISHED

Summarize a health Does not Incompletely or Summarizes a Summarizes a health care
care problem or summarize a health inaccurately health care problem or issue and issue and describe a care problem or summarizes a health problem or issue describes a personal.

Personal interest in issue and describe care problem or issue and describes a interest in it and experience it and experience a personal interest or does not describe a personal interest with it, and provides with it in and experience personal interest in it in it and examples to illustrate with it and experience with it experience with it. interest and experience.

Identify academic Does not identify Identifies journal Identifies Identifies academic peer- peer-reviewed academic peer- articles related to a academic peer- reviewed journal articles journal articles reviewed journal health care problem or reviewed journal relevant to a health care relevant to a health articles relevant to issue but they are not articles relevant to problem or issue and care problem or a health care relevant or are not a health care describes the criteria used issue and describe problem or issue peer-reviewed; or does problem or issue for the literature search.

The criteria used for and describe the not describe the and describes the Explains how the articles
the literature search. criteria used for the criteria used for the criteria used for are relevant.
literature search. literature search. the literature search.

Assess the Does not assess Describes the sources Assesses the Assesses the credibility and
credibility and the credibility and of information but does credibility and relevance of information
relevance of relevance of not assess the relevance of sources and describes the
information sources.

Information sources’ credibility and information process for determining
sources relevance sources their credibility. Analyze academic Does not analyze Analyzes academic Analyzes .

Analyzes academic peer-peer-reviewed academic peer- peer-reviewed journal academic peer- reviewed journal articles journal articles reviewed journal articles but fails to use reviewed journal using the annotated articles the bibliography organizational bibliography annotated bibliography format annotated format, and provides organizational bibliography effectively. Bibliography rationale for inclusion of format. organizational organizational each selected article.

format.

Summarize what Does not Incompletely Summarizes what Summarizes what was  learned from summarize what summarizes what was was learned from learned from developing an developing an was learned from learned from developing an annotated bibliography and annotated developing an developing an annotated provides illustrative bibliography annotated annotated bibliography bibliography examples bibliography.

Write clearly and Does not write Writes clearly and Writes clearly and Writes clearly and logically, with clearly and logically, with correct logically, with using evidence to support a correct use of logically, with use of spelling.

correct use of central idea, with correct spelling, grammar, correct use of grammar, punctuation, spelling, grammar, use of spelling, grammar, punctuation, and spelling and mechanics with punctuation.

punctuation, and some errors and mechanics. mechanics; and ensures mechanics. lapses. the paper contains supporting examples for the main points.

Write following APA Does not write Writes following APA Writes following Writes following APA style
style for in-text following APA style style for in-text APA style for in- for in-text citations, quotes,
citations, quotes, for in-text citations, citations, quotes, and text citations, and references without
and references. quotes, and references with some quotes, and errors, and uses current references. errors and lapses. references. reference sources.

You must proofread your paper but do not strictly rely on your computer’s spell-checker and grammar-checker; failure to do so indicates a lack of effort on your part and you can expect your grade to suffer accordingly. Papers with numerous misspelled words and grammatical mistakes will be penalized.

Read over your paper – in silence and then aloud – before handing it in and make corrections as necessary. Often it is advantageous to have a friend proofread your paper for obvious errors. Handwritten corrections are preferable to uncorrected mistakes.

Use a standard 10 to 12 point (10 to 12 characters per inch) typeface. Smaller or compressed type and papers with small margins or single-spacing are hard to read. It is better to let your essay run over the recommended number of pages than to try to compress it into fewer pages.

Likewise, large type, large margins, large indentations, triple-spacing, increased leading (space between lines), increased kerning (space between letters), and any other such attempts at “padding” to increase the length of a paper are unacceptable, wasteful of trees, and will not fool your professor.

The paper must be neatly formatted, double-spaced with a one-inch margin on the top, bottom, and sides of each page. When submitting hard copy, be sure to use white paper and print out using dark ink. If it is hard to read your essay, it will also be hard to follow your argument.

ADDITIONAL INSTRUCTIONS FOR THE CLASS

Discussion Questions (DQ)

Initial responses to the DQ should address all components of the questions asked, include a minimum of one scholarly source, and be at least 250 words.

Successful responses are substantive (i.e., add something new to the discussion, engage others in the discussion, well-developed idea) and include at least one scholarly source.

One or two sentence responses, simple statements of agreement or “good post,” and responses that are off-topic will not count as substantive. Substantive responses should be at least 150 words.
I encourage you to incorporate the readings from the week (as applicable) into your responses.

Weekly Participation

Your initial responses to the mandatory DQ do not count toward participation and are graded separately.
In addition to the DQ responses, you must post at least one reply to peers (or me) on three separate days, for a total of three replies.

Participation posts do not require a scholarly source/citation (unless you cite someone else’s work).
Part of your weekly participation includes viewing the weekly announcement and attesting to watching it in the comments. These announcements are made to ensure you understand everything that is due during the week.

APA Format and Writing Quality

Familiarize yourself with APA format and practice using it correctly. It is used for most writing assignments for your degree.

Visit the Writing Center in the Student Success Center, under the Resources tab in LoudCloud for APA paper templates, citation examples, tips, etc. Points will be deducted for poor use of APA format or absence of APA format (if required).

Cite all sources of information! When in doubt, cite the source. Paraphrasing also requires a citation.
I highly recommend using the APA Publication Manual, 6th edition.

Use of Direct Quotes

I discourage overutilization of direct quotes in DQs and assignments at the Masters’ level and deduct points accordingly.

As Masters’ level students, it is important that you be able to critically analyze and interpret information from journal articles and other resources. Simply restating someone else’s words does not demonstrate an understanding of the content or critical analysis of the content. It is best to paraphrase content and cite your source.

LopesWrite Policy

For assignments that need to be submitted to LopesWrite, please be sure you have received your report and Similarity Index (SI) percentage BEFORE you do a “final submit” to me.

Once you have received your report, please review it. This report will show you grammatical, punctuation, and spelling errors that can easily be fixed. Take the extra few minutes to review instead of getting counted off for these mistakes.

Review your similarities. Did you forget to cite something? Did you not paraphrase well enough? Is your paper made up of someone else’s thoughts more than your own?

Visit the Writing Center in the Student Success Center, under the Resources tab in LoudCloud for tips on improving your paper and SI score.

Late Policy

The university’s policy on late assignments is 10% penalty PER DAY LATE. This also applies to late DQ replies.
Please communicate with me if you anticipate having to submit an assignment late. I am happy to be flexible, with advance notice. We may be able to work out an extension based on extenuating circumstances.

If you do not communicate with me before submitting an assignment late, the GCU late policy will be in effect.

I do not accept assignments that are two or more weeks late unless we have worked out an extension.
As per policy, no assignments are accepted after the last day of class. Any assignment submitted after midnight on the last day of class will not be accepted for grading.

Communication

Communication is so very important. There are multiple ways to communicate with me:

Questions to Instructor Forum: This is a great place to ask course content or assignment questions. If you have a question, there is a good chance one of your peers does as well. This is a public forum for the class.
Individual Forum: This is a private forum to ask me questions or send me messages. This will be checked at least once every 24 hours.